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Arsenate can replace inorganic [[phosphate]] in the step of [[glycolysis]] that produces [[1,3-bisphosphoglycerate]] from [[glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate]]. This yields [[1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate]] instead, which is unstable and quickly hydrolyzes, forming the next intermediate in the pathway, [[3-phosphoglycerate]]. Therefore glycolysis proceeds, but the [[Adenosine triphosphate\|ATP]] molecule that would be generated from [[1,3-bisphosphoglycerate]] is lost - arsenate is an uncoupler of glycolysis, explaining its toxicity.<ref>{{cite journal\|last=Hughes\|first=Michael F.\|title=Arsenic toxicity and potential mechanisms of action\|journal=Toxicology Letters\|year=2002\|issue=133\|pages=4\|url=http://nature.berkeley.edu/departments/nut/undergrad_class/Spr_2003_NST_120/D50.pdf}}</ref> As with other arsenic compounds, ~~arsenic~~arsenate can also inhibit the conversion of [[pyruvate]] into [[acetyl-CoA]], blocking the [[Krebs cycle]] and therefore resulting in further loss of ATP.<ref>{{citation\|title=Arsenic Toxicity Case Study\|author1=Kim Gehle\|author2=Selene Chou\|author3=William S. Beckett\|publisher=Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry\|url=http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/csem.asp?csem=1&po=0\|date=2009-10-01}}</ref> ==Bacteria using and generating arsenate==

Arsenate: Difference between revisions

Arsenate (edit)

Revision as of 17:50, 22 August 2011